Business in Turkey

Business in Turkey 50% of the 72 million residents are under 28 years of age and there around 50 million citizens living in cities, making Turkey the 13th largest urban population in the world. The economy is also on the rise. By 2050 it is predicted that it will be within the top ten economies in the world, above that of Australia.
Not only this, but Turkey is an officially recognised candidate for full membership in the European Union. Given Turkey's growing importance, many companies will be looking to extend their reach and set up business contacts or enter the Turkish market, which has had an average growth rate of 6.7% between 2002 and 2007.

A few tips for what to expect and what to do if you are interested in doing business in Turkey, including Turkish etiquette

· Relationships are an integral part in any business dealings. It is highly recommended that an informal meeting or conversation is held before any business is discussed, as Turkish businessmen put a high value on being able to trust contacts on a personal level as well as professionally.

· Relationships can be built in various ways. A simple chat about a shared interest is always a good idea. Going to a restaurant is also very common in business and it cannot be stressed enough that the host pays, although it will be seen as polite to offer. Consequently, if you invite your business contact to a restaurant, you shouldn't allow them to pay or share the bill.

· Gestures vary slightly in Turkey and are worth being able to recognise. The shaking of the head, in the United Kingdom and the USA meaning 'no', indicates in Turkey 'I do not understand', whereas 'no' is shown through the upward and backward tilting of the head with the eyebrows raised.

· Gifts can also do good for a relationship, although they should not be over-the-top or too personal. Gifts should, however, not be seen as standard/required practise in Turkish business.

· You should be wary of alcohol, either as a gift or in a restaurant, as the majority of Turks are Muslims. While many Turkish people drink, it is advisable that you check before giving or ordering anything alcoholic.

· In business, start with a figure higher than your bottom-line. This allows you to make compromises, which ought to be done in a way which indicates that you value the relationship and like your contact. These concessions are normal and should be expected.

· In meetings, handshakes are short and firm, but tend not to occur at the end of the meeting. If you are introduced to a group of people, greet them all individually with a handshake, starting with who appears to be the oldest or more senior.

· In Turkey it is good practise to address people by their occupational title only, for example 'Doctor', although names are done rather more informally, with first names following the equivalent of 'Mr' and 'Mrs'.

· Try to deal with the people who are at the top of the decision making, and send people who are at the top of yours. This shows the importance you put on the potential business contact and improves the chances and relationship.

· Business cards are always a good idea, and if they can have one side translated into Turkish even better. Offer these cards to everybody you meet, and try to give them over with two hands. Another good way to get a good reputation is to learn a little bit of the language, show some interest, even if its only a few phrases it may get you a long way.

· Always accept an offer for coffee or tea when you visit.

· Phoning contacts is generally better than writing to them, as Turks prefer to be direct.

· Do not feel uncomfortable if Turks appear overly close compared to what you are used to. In a close relationship it is normal among the same sex to kiss on the cheek as a greeting. Turks need less personal space and may come quite close during conversation and you should not step back.